Probiotics support a balanced gut biome and promote overall well-being. Research continues to show their effectiveness, especially for those managing digestive disorders such as acid reflux or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and for those that have taken multiple rounds of antibiotics.

The relationship between antibiotics and gut health is complex. Antibiotics are powerful tools in fighting infections, but they also eliminate both harmful and beneficial bacteria in the gut. Prolonged or repeated antibiotic use can significantly disrupt the natural microbial balance.

According to research from Harvard Medical School, probiotics—whether consumed through supplements or fermented foods—can help counter these effects. Conrad Taff, professor emeritus of nutrition at Harvard, notes that probiotics may reduce common antibiotic-related side effects like nausea and diarrhea, while also speeding the recovery of a healthy gut flora.

Older adults may benefit most from probiotic use, as they are generally more susceptible to infections and more likely to undergo repeated antibiotic treatments. Restoring gut flora in this population may be key to improving digestion, immunity and overall health.

Probiotics can be found in capsule or powder form, as well as in fermented foods such as yogurt, raw sauerkraut and fermented beverages like kefir and kombucha. Incorporating these into a daily routine can help maintain a thriving gut ecosystem.